Survey of Nature

　　Shenyang is the capital of Liaoning Province, the center of economy, culture, traffic and trade of the northeastern region and China’s major industrial city and famous historical & cultural city. Shenyang governs 9 districts, 1 city and 3 counties with total area of 13,000 square kilometers, of which urban area of 3,495 square kilometers. Total population of Shenyang is 7.204 million, of which urban population of 5.066 million.

　　Shenyang is located in the south of northeastern region of China, the center of Liaoning Province. Plains dominate the area, mountains and hills concentrate in the southeast. Rivers as Liaohe, Hunhe and Xiushuihe run through Shenyang area. The area is of the semi-humid continental climate of temperate zone. The temperature in the whole year is between -29°C to 36°C and average temperature is 8.3°C. There are precipitation of 500mm and frostfree period of 183 days in the whole year. It is featured with concentrated rainfall, big difference in temperature and distinct seasons affected by the monsoons.

　　Shenyang is a city well-known for its long history and splendid culture. The name of Shenyang came from its location where lies to the north of ancient Shen Water (branch of Hunhe River). Shenyang area is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, where the early-stage culture of Liaohe River Valley was formed. According to the result of textual research on Xinle Ruins in Shenyang, our ancestors lived and multiplied in the area as early as Neolithic Age, 7,200 years ago. It has been about 2,300 years since Shenyang was founded in 229 B.C. Shenyang was called historically as “the birthplace of an emperor and the imperial town of two dynasties”. In 1625, Nurhachi, the first emperor of Qing Dynasty, removed his capital of Post-Jin Dynasty to Shenyang and renamed Shenyang as Shengjing. In 1636, his son, Huangtaiji changed the dynasty title to be Qing and established Qing Dynasty. In 1644, Shengjing became the alternate capital after Qing army entered into Beijing and set Beijing as the capital. Shenyang Palace Museum, as the imperial palace of the early Qing Dynasty, now is one of the only two palace building complexes kept completely in China.

　　Shenyang is one of national heavy industry bases, which was constructed on stress in initial period of China’s founding and takes equipment manufacture as main. Through scores of years’ development, Shenyang has had 142 industrial categories, more than 1300 industrial enterprises above scale and gross regional production has been over RMB 16 billion. In recent years, Shenyang Municipal Committee of CPC and Municipal Government insist on the strategy of reform and opening to outside world and put forward the policy of developing the city based on industry, by which, old industrial base adjustment and reconstruction has achieved breakthrough development, state-owned economy strategic adjustment step was sped up, foreign invested and private economy grew rapidly; development space and industrial layout of the city was expanded and optimized; auto and parts manufacture, electronic information, chemical and pharmaceutical and other industries have taken shape and become important support for rapid economic development of the whole city; technological innovative capacity and enterprise research and development capacity was continuously improved and has formed a batch of competitive products and enterprises; urban infrastructure construction was sped up obviously, soft environment was improved gradually. Economy of Shenyang has entered a new period of rapid development.

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